Discrimination Based On Age, Race, Gender, And Sexual...

In our society of the twenty first century, there are a plethora of issues we face day by day. For some people, they see it, but think it isn’t possible to change it. After a long day of work, the news appears on the Internet, and I see the group of protestors I have been watching have been jailed. Following this, arguments were also made with the White House Security. I see on the TV a reporter continues to add more depressing news. Due to the cause, lobbyists are encountering strong opposition in Congress. I have been wanting to become a part of this change so I am going to be the one to create a group of grassroots activists. I want to make the difference over this ongoing controversial issue of discrimination based on age, race,†¦show more content†¦I will need programming skills to create the website, and event planning skills. I have my ideas, but I also need the minds of others to get things done. Our first problem is discrimination on age. The United Farm Work ers or those known as UFW is a labor union for farm workers in the United States. Cesar Chavez founded the association toughened by his early experience as a migrant worker. Many members come from the fields bringing knowledge and experience in farm work in order to benefit their brothers or sisters. They were the ones to have went through the low wages, crucial conditions, and bad living. They truly know how hard it is to have organized a union. There are tons of biographies indicating the stories of farm workers who worked at young ages such as 15 and 16. In history and in our society, young teenagers are struggling to work and go to school to help their families make a living day by day. They have to go through the long and tiring days, low wages, and just suffering in all. Not only is age discrimination on young ages, but also people who are 40 or older. In all, this effects someone’s confidence, job experience, financial situation, and the quality of life. The Age Discri mination Act only forbids the discrimination against those of 40 or older. From work situations, to harassment, and employmentShow MoreRelatedPublic School System Of Discrimination Based On Their Gender, Race, Ethnicity, Sexual Preference, Or Age1741 Words   |  7 Pagesa teacher was denied a promotion and accused the public school system of discrimination based on their gender, race, ethnicity, sexual preference, or age. Then, find an example for two different criteria, one for each case. Last, state three reasons that her / his accusation could be legally supported after you identify the supporting case. Research two cases in which a teacher was denied a promotion based on discrimination The first case is EEOC v. Thomasville City Schools, Civil Action No. 1:10-CV-00686Read MoreBenefits Of Organizational Diversity And Diversity Essay1402 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Organizational diversity is defined as the variety of differences amongst the people in a workplace with regard to background, education, organizational function, cognitive style, personality, age, tenure, ethnic group, gender, and race. It involves the perception people hold upon themselves and their work colleagues. Therefore, the most successful organizations tend to spend their resources on diversity management. Benefits of Organizational Diversity. The benefits of organizationalRead MoreEssay On Age Discrimination942 Words   |  4 PagesWorkplace Discrimination: It is illegal to discriminate based on race, religion, gender, or national original when hiring or in the workplace. Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) practice is important in every work places. Different Types of Employment Discrimination †¢ Age †¢ Gender †¢ Race †¢ Ethnicity †¢ Skin Color †¢ National Origin †¢ Mental or Physical Disability †¢ Genetic Information †¢ Relationship to someone who may be discriminated against †¢ Pregnancy or Parenthood Age discrimination is a practiceRead MoreThe Most Important Social Issue in America Today870 Words   |  4 Pageslimited to the uplifting of certain genders and races, but it focuses on establishing standards of certain ethical codes. Affirmative action concentrates on a broad array of issues including equal opportunity, systematic exclusion, and diversity. Affirmative action thoroughly emphasizes equal opportunity among discriminated minorities and genders. According to James P. Sterba and Carl Cohen, authors of the book entitled Affirmative Action and Racial Preference, the job of the government is toRead MorePrinciples Of Diversity, Equality And Inclusion In Adult Social Care1414 Words   |  6 Pagesaware or recognise individual differences. The concept of diversity is to accept and respect. It means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing and accepting individual differences. These can be race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical abilities, religious beliefs, political beliefs, or other ideologies. It is the exploration of these differences in a safe, positive, and nurturing environment. It is about understanding each other and movingRead MoreDiscrimination In The Workplace Essay1386 Words   |  6 Pages2017 Assignment 1: Discrimination in the Workplace Workplace diversity is beneficial in many ways and on a variety of levels. When a workforce is comprised by people of different races, religions, genders, cultural origins, and sexual orientations, this allows a company to draw from the experience and knowledge that may be unique to each group, widening its frame of reference. Additionally, in terms of recruitment, this ‘widening of the net’ goes to insuring that the company appeals to more individualsRead MoreHate Crime : Hate Crimes1454 Words   |  6 PagesHate crimes are a criminal offense committed against an individual or group, property, or a whole community that is motivated by an individual or groups bias against another individual or group s perceived race, religion, ethnicity/national origin, gender, age, sexual identity, or sexual preference. Hate Crimes can consist of; graffiti, threats, harassment, trespassing, stalking, property damage, arson, hate mail, murder, physical assault, group attacks, and much m ore. In addition to that, not all expressionsRead MoreDiscrimination And Discrimination : Discrimination Is The Treatment Of A Person Or Group Of People Differently?1160 Words   |  5 Pagesworkplace. Discrimination is one of the biggest issues most employees unfortunately have to deal with. But what is discrimination? Discrimination is the treatment of a person or group of people differently. Most of the times this treatment is worse than the other people are usually treated. There are different types of discrimination, but the one I will be discussing is employment discrimination. Employment discrimination is when an employee is mistreated by an employer based in sexual orientationRead MoreChampion equality, diversity and inclusion1712 Words   |  7 PagesChampion equality, diversity and inclusion          1.1 Explain the models of practice that underpin equality, diversity and inclusion in own area of responsibility. Equality is to treat all as individuals; to respect race, disability, age, gender, religion, beliefs ,culture and sexual orientation. For all to be open to opportunities, to be treated fairly and respectfully, have rights and equal status in society and for all to reach their full potential. Diversity is to value that we are all uniqueRead MoreUnti 12 Nvq Level 3 Health and Social Care803 Words   |  4 Pagesdiversity is the differences between people based on culture, ethnic origin, nationality, gender, race, religion, beliefs, age, ability, sexual orientation etc. b) equality is giving everyone equal opportunities and treating everyone fairly but not the same. c) inclusion is including everyone in the activity and not leaving anyone out. d) discrimination is being prejudice about certain factors of someones life such as gender, sexual orientation, race etc. This means that people use these factors

Idioms and Expressions With Money

The following idioms and expressions with the noun money are less formal than collocations used with money. However, they are common in everyday conversation. Each idiom or expression has a definition and two example sentences to help understanding of these common idiomatic expressions with money. Color of Someone's Money Definition: the amount of money someone has available Show me the color of your money and then we can talk.If we knew the color of the companys money we could make a better bid on the deal. Easy Money Definition: money that can be earned with little effort Some people think that playing stocks is easy money.Unfortunately, there are few jobs are truly easy money. Front Money Definition: money paid in advance of receiving something Ill need to put up $100,000 front money to get in on the deal.Always be suspicious of companies that ask for front money. Heavy Money Definition: a lot of money Tom will bring heavy money into the company if he agrees to invest.They have heavy money. Im sure theyll buy the house. Hush Money Definition: money paid to someone so that they dont provide information Many people are paid hush money to not testify in court. Its illegal, but it happens.The gang tried to pay the man off with hush money, but he was having none of it. Mad Money Definition: money used to have fun, money to waste Weve put away a few thousand dollars in mad money for our next vacation.Dont go to Las Vegas without some mad money. Money From Home Definition: easily gained money Peter thinks investing in stocks is money from home.Shes looking for a job thats money from home. Good luck! Money Grubber Definition: someone who does not like to spend money, a stingy person Shell never give you money for your idea. Shes a money grubber.Money grubbers cant take it with them. I have no idea why they take it so seriously. I say easy come, easy go. Money Talks Definition: money has influence in a situation Of course, they let the big box store build in town. Never forget: Money talks.Just remember money talks. If they really want you for the position, theyll meet your salary demands. On the Money Definition: correct, exact Id say you are on the money about that situation.His guess that the company would succeed was on the money. Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is! Definition: lets have a bet about something Come on, if you think that is true, put your money where your mouth is! Ill bet you 100 to 1 that it isnt true.She put her money where her mouth was and made a fortune. Smart Money Definition: the best option, money of smart people investing in something The smart money is on Congress changing the law.He thinks the smart money is going to invest in renewable energy. Soft Money Definition: money which can be earned without much effort Take the job for a few months. Its soft money.Jane thinks the position is soft money. Spending Money Definition: money to spend to have fun, purchases unnecessary items Its important to have at least a little spending money each month.They dont have much spending money, so they like to stay home rather than go on vacation. Throw Money at Something Definition: waste money on a situation Throwing money at the situation isnt going to make it better.Some governments feel that throwing money at a program always helps. Once youve learned these expressions, its a good idea to also learn important phrasal verbs about money. Finally, use the business English resources on the site to continue improving your English as it relates to the business world.

The Old Man and the Sea Questions for Discussion

Written by Ernest Hemingway,  The Old Man and the Sea is a famous novel about man versus nature and the determined struggle against inevitable aging and death. While Hemingway is known to be the master of brevity, his concise works also are much more complex than they would first appear, and  The Old Man and the Sea  is no exception. A literary classic, this novel is a great pick for a book club and a part of many schools curriculum. Here are questions related to The Old Man and the Sea that will get the discussion going.   Start From The Top: What is important about the title?   Plot Development: What are the conflicts in The Old Man and the Sea? Would you describe them in terms of physical, moral, intellectual, or emotional conflict?How does Ernest Hemingway reveal character in the novel? Symbolism: What are important themes in the story? How do they relate to the plot and characters?What are some of the symbols in the novel, and what do they represent?How universalare the ideas in  The Old Man and the Sea?  Does the story end the way you expected? How? Why? How realistic is the story?Where does The Old Man and the Sea take place? Is the setting important to the ideas in this book? Whats Your Opinion? Would you recommend this novel to a friend?

Police Corruption - 9501 Words

Police Corruption: A Perspective View Into the Definition, Cause, Harm Randy Botelho BSLS Capstone, LS498-01 – Unit 9 Professor Odim December 17, 2011 Thesis Statement Corruption in law enforcement is not victimless and creates a negative perception of the United States legal system. Introduction There are few professions in the United States that are entrusted with protecting society’s safety and system of laws that have been established throughout the course of American history. One of those professions is that of a police officer. It is an admirable calling for an individual to deal with criminals and place themselves in harm’s way on a daily basis. It is certainly not a job that can be done by everyone and†¦show more content†¦This may appear at first glance to be a matter of such a fundamental nature as not to deserve specific mention in an agency policy. Certainly, police officers are as subject to the law as any other person. But reality dictates and history has shown that some officers, whether through misguided zeal or for other reasons, may come to view themselves and their police colleagues as exempt from the law on a general, selective, or situational basis. This element of the policy is intended to stress the importance of the rule of law for all officers and to hold each officer accountable for any legal wrongdoing. (para. 4) When police officers choose a path that is immoral or unethical, they are labeled as being corrupt. The media can play a significant role in the public’s opinion of police officers and this idea was supported by Gallagher, Maguire, Mastrofski, and Reisig in a 2001 report on the public image of police when they stated â€Å"In the final analysis, it is not unreasonable to suppose that people exposed to negative mass media images will have lower evaluations of the police† (p. 37). There is a lack of state and federal laws that specifically address police corruption as a whole and Neild (2007) addressed this by saying â€Å"It is important that national laws and institutional norms governing policing address issues of corruption explicitly, and make it clear thatShow MoreRelatedThe Corruption Of Police Corruption1484 Words   |  6 Pagesconcerning police officers, police corruption has become a major topic. Police officers seem to be making more questionable and uneth ical decisions according to the media. With these questionable actions, the idea that police officers are corrupt has been a steadily growing opinion. I will be focusing this literature review on the history of police corruption, mostly in major cities/countries; the nature of police corruption; the ethics involved in law enforcement; causes for police corruption and finallyRead MorePolice Corruption968 Words   |  4 Pageselection law violations; (13) corruption of public officials; (14) copyright violations; (15) computer crimes; (16) environmental crimes; and (17) receiving stolen property This assignment requires us to write a paper on a form of white-collar crime that we feel is the must dangerous form and why. I feel the most dangerous form of white-collar crime is police corruption, which is also defined as public corruption. Public or police corruption is defined as; Public corruption involves a breach of publicRead MorePolice Corruption969 Words   |  4 PagesPolice C orruption Second Essay for AJ 101 Krystal Lamas Victor Valley Community College Author Note This paper was prepared for AJ 101 for Mr. Ronald M. Field .M.A. Abstract Police corruption is a complex issue. Police corruption or the abuse of authority by a police officer, acting officially to fulfill personal needs or wants, is a growing problem in the United States today. Things such as an Internal Affairs department, a strong leadership organization, and community support are justRead MorePolice corruption770 Words   |  4 Pagesdefinition of Police corruption is a specific form of police misconduct designed to obtain financial gain, other personal gain, or career advancement for a police officer or officers in exchange for not pursuing, or selectively pursuing, an investigation or arrest. One common form of police corruption is taking bribes in exchange for not reporting organized drug or prostitution rings or other illegal activities. Another example is police officers misusing the police code of conductRead MorePolice Corruption3338 Words   |  14 PagesAnalysis of Police Corruption Police corruption is a complex phenomenon, which does not readily submit to simple analysis. It is a problem that has and will continue to affect us all, whether we are civilians or law enforcement officers. Since its beginnings, may aspects of policing have changed; however, one aspect that has remained relatively unchanged is the existence of corruption. An examination of a local newspaper or any police-related publication on any given day will have an articleRead MorePolice Corruption2291 Words   |  10 Pagesand discretion in police work produces great potential for abuse. Police corruption has been a problem in American society since the early days of policing. An ancient natural tendency of human beings is to attempt to placate or win over those in positions of authority over them. This tendency is complicated in today’s materialistic society by greed and by the personal and financial benefit to be derived from evading law. The temptations toward illegality offered to police range from freeRead MorePolice Corruption in Russia1430 Words   |  6 PagesPolice corruption is defined as when police, in exercising or failing to exercise their authority act with primary intention of furthering private or departmental / division advantage. Police corruption is a big problem all around the world especially in Russia. The Russian citizens have always been on alert when it comes to the police because of the bad laws, failure of knowing there right as citizens, and sticking up for there themselves. Russia is 133rd country out of 176 in the corruption perceptionRead MorePolice Corruption2879 Words   |  12 PagesStanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy corruption is defined as the abuse of power by a public official for private gain. Police corruption is the abuse of power by a police officer for their own personal gain. Police officers become corrupt mainly for monetary gain because most feel that police officers do not make enough money and they want to make more. Police corruption can be costly to society and it can even violate the rights of society. Police corruption can show favoritism to some and unfairnessRead More Police Corruption in America2871 Words   |  12 Pages Police Corruption in America The missions statement of police agencies usually highlight with pride the maintenance, promotion, and protection of peace, order, safety, and justified law enforcement in communities and the entire nation. Police officers are agents meant to bust crimes and get the bad guys. The police agency that the public use to lean on as the legitimate authority figure to come to the rescue however has created conflicting public perception. The misconduct of some policeRead MoreEssay on Police and Corruption1393 Words   |  6 PagesPolice and Corruption The police. Twenty-four hours a day, three hundred sixty-five days a year, this division of our government has a mandate to enforce the criminal law and preserve public peace. Understood in this mandate is an obligation to police everyday life matters that originate in the daily lives and activities of citizens within their community. Police interact in some form with the average citizen more often than any other government official. In society today the police play

Feminism A Woman Mother Of Two Boys Lived On Of A Farmer

This quote supports that it is not just Emma Watson standing up for feminism in Hollywood but many voices are being said but not being heard. Celebrities are not the only ones who are speaking out about how and Watson’s speech or the he fishy campaign has changed their life or the movement. But normal people have spoken up about their experiences of feminism. In an article from the Telegraph a woman mother of two boys lived on of a farm. Before the speech she never really considered herself a feminism then when she had a speech she started to question her life and the role model that she wanted to be for her sons explaining boys do this and girls can’t do this. She then decided to take action and be better feminist role model for her sons†¦show more content†¦We have to embrace the problematic trend if we want a chance at change; we have to support the shift if we want a chance at being heard.†(Butler, 2016, online) This clearly states that feminism is becoming popular in so many different aspects of the world such as Hollywood red and fashion and politics. Two years after her speech at the UN she then did a speech at one Young world. She discussed her experiences after the speech about opening Pandora’s Box about feminism and at best Emma Watson have been realised the criticism that she had to face. However she discussed the positives that came from the speech and the changes that made that she’s found people that she has a lot in common with that feminism she has found her tribe. She made a clear point of that this is of building an unstoppable current feminist movement, gender equality is more important than any other goal because it’s everyone’s goal. She also informs the audience of the scholarship in game in her name which is about the progress of gender equality in the world is. This speech is a clear of her using her feminist theories and her work towards gender equality which is telling theory. A quote about the quality of both men and women as well as the feminist movement which is very much related to what Watson discusses is, â€Å"this action has led many anti-liberal feminists to reject rights as fundamentally patriarchal and inappropriate to feminists politics and theory that is interested in equality both amongShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of O Pioneers By Willa Cather1038 Words   |  5 Pages O Pioneers by Willa Cather sets itself apart from other novels of its time because of what its stands for, feminism. It exemplifies women’s equality, represented by the main character, Alexandra, by showing her survival in a male dominated society. She succeeded in building her female identity and achieved a sense of female attainment by revolutionizing the wild land and struggling for her equal rights with all that surrounded her. This paper focuses on the feminist thoughts and the positive attitudeRead MoreFeminism : Mary Wollstonecraft1734 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s world of 2017, feminism is more relevant and controversial than ever, with a new, controversial president and more and more women in positions of power. However, feminism has changed and evolved since the first writers expressed their wish for more women’s rights, as do all movements. â€Å"It is time to †¦ restore to them their lost dignity—and make them, as a part of the huma n species, labour by reforming themselves to reform the world,† wrote Mary Wollstonecraft in her Vindication in theRead MoreGender Is A Social Aspect Essay2061 Words   |  9 Pagescaused confusion for some about the true meaning, through this, two perspectives have come to light. Those who believe that gender is something that you are born with, your biological self that differentiates you from your opposite (male/female). Then there are those who believe that gender is a social constructed aspect of ones life. What your parents and society label you the minute you are born. Examples being a girl wears pink, a boy wears blue. These colours are a significant symbol of assigningRead MorePost Colonial Perception on the Grass Is Singing4315 Words   |  18 Pages The Grass Is Singing The Grass Is Singing, first published in 1950, was an international success. The story focuses on Mary Turner, the wife of a farmer, who is found murdered on the porch of her home. After her body is found, we are taken back to her younger days and slowly discover what happened to her.  The background, location of this story is set in Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) in South AfricaRead MoreConstructing My Cultural Identity6012 Words   |  25 Pagesof a Black heterosexual woman living in Canada. It is an approach—a framework—from which one can challenge systems of Erica Neegan is a doctoral candidate at the University of Toronto. Her research interest includes Indigenous Knowledges, Black feminist thought and anti-colonial and decolonizing pedagogy. 272 Constructing My Cultural Identity domination in society. A Black feminist discourse helps me to tell my story and reclaim my identity as a Black woman. As Wane (2002) notes inRead MoreCompare and Contrast - Women5945 Words   |  24 PagesToday Comfortable III. Jobs a. Opportunities 1. 100 years Didn’t have much of a opportunities 2. Women Today Have a lot more opportunities Career Option: Back in the beginning of the 1900s, having a career as a woman was almost unheard of. Of course, one may stumble upon a woman who was locally famous for taking care of her family through work in the absence of a male provider or husband. Women were expected to stay at home, take care of the children and let their husband bring home the payRead MoreSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 Pages.................................................................. 55 Scientists and Mathematicians: Charles Darwin (and his revolutionary Theory of Natural Selection) ...................................................... 57 Jane Goodall (She lived with wild chimpanzees!) .................................................................................... 59 Marie Curie (Famous female scientist) ................................................................................................Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesBlack, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Michael Adas, ed., Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History Jack Metzgar, Striking Steel: Solidarity Remembered Janis Appier, Policing Women: The Sexual Politics ofRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 PagesIncludes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-19-513376-5 1. Rastafari movement. 2. Jamaica—Religious life and customs. I. Title. BL2532.R37 E36 2002 299†².676—dc21 2002074897 v To Donnaree, my wife, and Donnisa, my daughter, the two persons around whom my life revolves; and to the ancestors whose struggles have enabled us to survive and thrive This page intentionally left blank Foreword One of the most useful things about Ennis Edmondss Rastafari: From Outcasts to CultureRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesculture Creating a culture that gives meaning to work Developing understanding of culture Developing a ‘practical theory’ of organizational culture The vehicles of culture The processes of the communication of culture The ‘heart of culture’ A tale of two cultures How neo-modernist organization theory develops challenges in the design of organizations The processual perspective Design and development Conclusions: does neo-modernist organization theory exercise challenges for new visions of the organization

Agreement Breaking Essay Example For Students

Agreement Breaking Essay When it comes to the issue of whether or not it is ok for someone the knowinglyaid someone in breaking an agreement I feel it depends on the risks at stake forpeople not knowing what the person has to say. For example, if I had anagreement with a co-worker to not tell anyone that I had cancer I would be veryangry if someone coerced that person into telling everyone. But on the otherhand if I made that person promise not to tell anyone about a possible danger toall the other workers and someone coerced them into saying something it would befar better for all the workers to know about a possible danger even if I did notwant them to know. In other words the happiness that comes from the workersknowing there is a problem and being able to fix it would far out weigh my angertowards the person who broke the agreement. In the case of big tobacco I thinkthere is a difference. People already know that smoking is bad for you and cancause lung cancer but they continue to smoke. The idea that because the peoplenow know that big tobacco adjusts the levels of nicotine in their cigarettesdoes not mean people will be angry enough to quit. The only reason why it wouldbe important to know that big tobacco adjusted the levels of nicotine in theircigarettes would be in order to sue them for the fact that they knowingly try toget people addicted to a product that will kill them. But that money should begoing to one place and that would be to pay for all the doctors bills of thepeople dying of lung cancer from being addicted. Utilitarianism would have toagree that the happiness of the people that dont have to pay more taxes tosupport the people on Medicare or welfare who are dying of cancer from smokingfar out weighs the loss of happiness of the workers of big tobacco. Besides, bigtobacco has enough money to pay all of the lawsuits and still come out on top. The sad thing is the government is basically becoming big tobacco because withevery lawsuit the prices of cigarettes goes up, but does that mean that smokinghas decreased? No, it has actually started to increase among teenagers, morethan 1.2 million Americans younger than 18 started smoking in 1996, up from708,000 in 1988, according to numbers released by the Center for Disease Controlin the fall of 1998. Utilitarianism might actually favor not blowing the whistleon big tobacco because all that is happening is the government is just takingadvantage of cigarette addicts and that makes them no better than big tobacco. Iknow that I am no happier now than before big tobacco lost all of their lawsuitsbecause me, and millions of other Americans, have not seen any of that money;whether through tax cuts or, being in the Seattle area, road maintenance. Ithink the hit cigarette smokers take to their wallets, by the increase inprices, creates for more unhappiness than happiness. Kant would say, no anagreement cannot be broken because then you could never make an agreement ingood faith. If everyone went around breaking their agreements the world would bea terrible place; therefore, in all circumstances agreements must be kept nomatter what. If airing a story on big tobacco might damage you financially Ithink you do need to be guided by the public interest. But in the case of bigtobacco I dont think it was that big of a deal because the public already knowsthat cigarettes are addicting and that they will kill you. Whether or not bigtobacco adjusts the levels in their cigarettes is not that big of a deal whenthe other aspects of cigarettes are already well known. The story only seemedbig for the people who could profit from it. You would have to measure how muchof the public interest is at stake before making the decision, and in the caseof tobacco the public knows everything it needs to know to make an intelligentdecision of whether to smoke or not. .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5 , .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5 .postImageUrl , .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5 , .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5:hover , .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5:visited , .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5:active { border:0!important; } .u933166055ae3091 a7d6b73fa887ae8f5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5:active , .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8 D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left: 18px; top: 0; } .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5 .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u933166055ae3091a7d6b73fa887ae8f5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Francesco Petrarch's White Does Francesco Pe Essay

Copy Imitation in Architecture Essay Example For Students

Copy Imitation in Architecture Essay Modern Architecture has been greatly influenced by the architecture of ancient Greece and Rome. Evolving from simple structures to extravagant edifices, the religiously driven Greek and Roman architects have strived to create the most best temples they could, to please their gods and deities; hoping to be blessed with prosperity and good fortune, in return. The Temple of Hera and the Parthenon have been inspirations in architecture centuries after their construction in the form of architectural Copy, Imitation, and Pastiche. Imitation is the creation of a new structure, based on principles of the original, like the Parthenon is of the Temple of Hera. An architectural copy is an exact reconstruction of an existing structure, thus it is only concerned with the visual and possible material likeness as in the Greek Parthenon with its replica in Nashville, Tennessee. A Pastiche would refer to the simplification of the original, an inspiration as is the case of the Pantheon roused by the Temple of Hera. Dedicated to the wife of Zeus, The Temple of Hera lies in the ancient Greek sanctuary of Olympia. Residing north of the sacred Atlantis, The Temple of Hera, is believed to have been originally built to honor Zeus, the Father of gods and men, 1 (Theogony, 700BC), but was later rededicated to Hera, 2 (Arafat). It is believed to have been erected in 590 B. C. The temple was one of the the oldest Doric temples in Greece, and the oldest temple on the sacred precinct of Olympia, 3 (Willy Clarysse). In accordance with the typical early Doric style, the temple was long and narrow, with 6 by 16 meter high columns, on a 50 by 19 meter land. The interior also included the use of columns, with 2 columns on each of the porches and the opisthodomos, and 4 pairs of columns lining the cella walls. Shell lime was used for the lower part of the temple, while unbaked bricks filled the walls above. The original columns were made of wood, but as rot set in they were eventually replaced with stone. Since the restoration took centuries, columns from periods differing from the Archaic to Roman have been installed, resulting in an array of different columns, 4 (Clarysse). The temple was however destroyed by an earthquake in 4th century A. D leaving behind a site of ruins. Although newer than, the first Heraion, built as early as 650 B. C which comprised of only a cella and pronaos,† the Temple of Hera was much grander in comparison, 5 (Inwatkins reference). The Temple of Hera can be considered an original model, paving the way to the constructions of grander, more functional architectural creations. Learning and discovering more efficient methods and materials to tend to the developing architecture, needs of a constantly evolving culture. Many of the Archaic Greek, and eventually Roman temples were principally based on the Mycenaean Megaron prototype. The simple structure consisted of a 2 column porch, a vestibule, and a hall. The hall consisted of a built in hearth that ventilated via an oculus in the roof, an environmental necessity of the colder weather, as they moved inland, 6 (BALDWIN SMITH). It was supported by 4 wooden columns. The Megaron was mainly used as the core in the early Mycenaean palace structure, and was supported by 6 wooden columns. The Mycenaeans themselves were influenced by the ancient Minoan civilization (2000-1450 B. C) and their Palace Knossos in Crete, â€Å"sung of by Homer in his Odyssey: Among their cities is the great city of Cnosus, where Minos reigned when nine years old, he that held converse with great Zeus,† 78. Will Durant and Homer The reception hall in King Tiryns palace, is a well known Megaron. Influenced by Cretan architecture, the main room of the Megaron included a raised throne at the far end of the right wall, a centred hearth surrounded by wooden columns, and a Minoan signature. 9[ Muller) In the Athenian Acropolis of Greece, lies The Parthenon, a stellar temple dedicated to the maiden goddess Athena. .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448 , .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448 .postImageUrl , .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448 , .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448:hover , .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448:visited , .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448:active { border:0!important; } .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448:active , .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448 .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubb09acc700d098c96aaab541ff336448:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: African Architecture EssayStanding at 13. 72 meters, on a base of 23,028 square feet, the temple’s construction began in 447 B. C. and continued through to 438 B. C. An imitation of the Temple of Hera, The Parthenon, incorporates some of its Doric features whilst featuring components of the Ionic Order. The Ionic Order is the second of the 3 organisational systems of classical Greek architecture. Maintaining the peripteral style, akin to its preceder, it is bordered by eight thirty-four foot columns at the front and back, and 17 on either side. Within that frame, is another layer of 6 columns on the widths of the structure. The Doric elements are visible in the columns. Baseless with simple capitals, triglyphs separating carved metopes in the 525 foot frieze. The frieze around the cella runs bas relief corresponding to the ionic style, (10). An outward bulge at the centre of the column may have been utilised by architects Iktinos and Kallikrates, to keep out rainwater and as to equip the building with technical strength against earthquakes, 11(Smithsonian magi). This swelling was termed entasis, or tension, by Greek writers, perhaps because it makes the columns seems if they are clenching, like a human muscle, under the weight of their load. While such artistic interpretations may have influenced such decisions, it is impossible to know for sure. In an attempt to preserve and share the grandeur of Greek architecture, The Nashville Board of Park Commissioners approached architect Russell E. Hart to, research and recommend, 12 (Replication Nashville paper), and bring together a team to realise an exact, full scale replica of the Greek Parthenon. Headlining Nashville’s Centennial Park in Nashville, Tennessee, the copy was built in 6 years since beginning construction work in 1925. The reconstruction took place over an earlier temporary replica of the same Greek temple, which was built in 1896 of tinted plaster, over a substrate of wood and brick. It was eventually declared unsafe, and closed off to the public, 13 (replicating Nash). Unlike the Parthenon in Athens, the replica serves only the purpose of posing in its likeness, which is the basis of an architectural copy. Nashville’s dubbed, The Athens of the South, (14), may have provoked the recreation of a Greek monument; allowing the experience of the full phenomena to a wider audience. A Roman masterpiece, the Pantheon was a tribute to the roman gods. Commissioned by Emperor Marcus Agrippa during the reign of Augustus (27 B. C – 14 A. D). The building was destroyed in a fire in 80 A. D. and Reconstructed by Domitian. There was a second fire in 110 A. D. and claimed The Pantheon, (15 ). Hadrian ordered a second rebuilding of the Pantheon in 126 A. D. 16 (MacDonald Pg9). Scholars believe different parts of the Pantheon have been built at different points of time (Paul David). Like the Parthenon, the entrance which is led to via short flight of stairs, is adorned with a row of eight columns with the inscription meaning, Marcus Agrippa, son of Lucius, made when consul for the third time, (17). The columns are in Corinthian style, the third of the Greek architectural systems. The initial layer is followed by 2 groups of 4 columns. A beehive like coffered dome of concrete enwraps the rotunda, while the oculus illuminates the entirety of the dome. 42 feet to the oculus, same measurement as the diameter of the inner circle, and a varying thickness of 4 feet at the bottom to 21 feet at the top, the Pantheon is the largest unsupported dome in the world, to date. Although domes were not uncommon during this period, this temple was still an innovative creation. A pastiche of the Temple of Hera, the Greek influence on the Pantheon could be the result of empero r Agrippa’s Greek education in Appllonia Greece. It is especially apparent in the portico of the Pantheon, (18). The Pantheon has been used constantly throughout its existence. .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499 , .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499 .postImageUrl , .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499 , .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499:hover , .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499:visited , .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499:active { border:0!important; } .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499:active , .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499 .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4153616bb4b0c0ae9d69377219d5d499:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Role of Architecture on the Tourism Industry EssayAlthough its initial purpose is yet a mystery, it has served as a tomb during the renaissance for many an artists including Rachael and Annibale Carracci, (19). The Pantheon was later gifted to Pope Boniface VIII of the Catholic Church, by Byzantine emperor Phocas in 609. It was also dedicated to St. Mary and the Martyrs, 20 (MACDONALD 139, 18). The catholic church was able to preserve the Pantheon well, and it still functions as an active church. Despite this, the architect still unknown. The Pantheon has gone on to inspire many other buildings including the Panthà ©on in Paris.